1956 United States Senate elections

Arizona election
← 1950 1962 →
	County results; Hayden: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
U.S. senator before election; Carl Hayden; Democratic	Elected U.S. Senator ; Carl Hayden; Democratic

1956 Democratic Senate primary election in Alabama
	County results; Hill: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% >90% ; Crommelin: 50–60%
U.S. senator before election; J. Lister Hill; Democratic	Elected U.S. Senator ; J. Lister Hill; Democratic

1956 United States Senate elections
1957 (TX, WI) →
35 of the 96 seats in the United States Senate; 49 seats needed for a majority
	Results of the elections:; Democratic gain Democratic hold; Republican gain Republican hold; No electionRectangular inset (Ky. & S. C.): both seats up for election
Majority Leader before election; Lyndon Johnson; Democratic	Elected Majority Leader ; Lyndon Johnson; Democratic

The 1956 United States Senate elections were elections for the United States Senate that coincided with the re-election of President Dwight D. Eisenhower. The 32 seats of Class 3 were contested in regular elections, and three special elections were held to fill vacancies. Although Democrats gained two seats in regular elections, the Republicans gained two seats in special elections, leaving the party balance of the chamber unchanged.

Democrats defeated incumbents Herman Welker (R-Idaho), George H. Bender (R-Ohio), and James H. Duff (R-Pennsylvania), as well as winning a Republican-held seat in Colorado. Republicans defeated incumbent Earle C. Clements (D-Kentucky) as well as winning Democratic-held seats in Kentucky, New York, and West Virginia. Thus, this election caused Kentucky's Senate delegation to flip from two Democrats to two Republicans.

During the next Congress, Republican John D. Hoblitzell Jr. was appointed to the seat of deceased Senator Matthew M. Neely (D-WV), while Democrat William Proxmire won a special election for the seat of deceased Senator Joseph McCarthy (R-Wisconsin). Also, Democrat Ralph Yarborough won a special election for the seat of Price Daniel (D-Texas), who had resigned from the Senate after being elected Governor of Texas. The net result was to leave the party balance unchanged.

Results summary

↓
49	47
Democratic	Republican

Colored shading indicates party with largest share of that row.

Parties		Democratic	Republican	Other	Total
Parties					Total
Before these elections		49	47	0	96
Not up		31	30	—	61
	Class 1 (1952)	11	20	—	31
	Class 2 (1954)	20	10	—	30
Up		18	17	—	35
	Class 3 (1950→1956)	15	17	—	32
	Special: Class 1	1	0	—	1
	Special: Class 2	2	0	—	2

Incumbent retired		5	1	—	6
	Held by same party	2	0	—	2
	Replaced by other party	1 Republican replaced by 1 Democrat 3 Democrats replaced by 3 Republicans		—	4
	Result	3	3	0	6
Incumbent ran		13	16	—	29
	Won re-election	12	13	—	25
	Lost re-election	3 Republicans replaced by 3 Democrats 1 Democrat replaced by 1 Republican		—	4
	Lost renomination but held by same party	0	0	—	0
	Result	15	14	0	29

Total elected		18	17	0	35
Net change					0

Nationwide vote		23,291,351^[a]	22,219,450	406,207	45,917,008
	Share	50.72%	48.39%	0.88%	100%
Result		49	47	0	96

Source: Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives^[1]

Gains, losses, and holds

Retirements

One Republican and five Democrats retired instead of seeking re-election.

State	Senator	Replaced by
Colorado	Eugene Millikin	John A. Carroll
Georgia	Walter F. George	Herman Talmadge
Kentucky (special)	Robert Humphreys	John Sherman Cooper
New York	Herbert H. Lehman	Jacob Javits
South Carolina (special)	Thomas A. Wofford	Strom Thurmond
West Virginia	William Laird III	Chapman Revercomb

Defeats

Three Republicans and one Democrat sought re-election but lost in the general election.

State	Senator	Replaced by
Idaho	Herman Welker	Frank Church
Kentucky	Earle Clements	Thruston Ballard Morton
Ohio	George H. Bender	Frank Lausche
Pennsylvania	James H. Duff	Joseph S. Clark Jr.

Post-election changes

One Republican was appointed to the seat of a deceased Democrat. Two Democrats won special elections, one seat was previously held by a Democrat and another by a Republican. One Democrat was appointed to replace another Democrat.

State	Senator	Replaced by
North Carolina	W. Kerr Scott	B. Everett Jordan
Texas	Price Daniel	Ralph Yarborough
West Virginia	Matthew M. Neely	John D. Hoblitzell Jr.
Wisconsin	Joseph McCarthy	William Proxmire

Change in composition

Before the elections

		D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈
D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁	D₁₀	D₉
D₁₉	D₂₀	D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈
D₃₈ Ky. (sp) Ran	D₃₇ Ky. (reg) Ran	D₃₆ Ga. Retired	D₃₅ Florida Ran	D₃₄ Ark. Ran	D₃₃ Ariz. Ran	D₃₂ Ala. Ran	D₃₁	D₃₀	D₂₉
D₃₉ La. Ran	D₄₀ Mo. Ran	D₄₁ Nev. Ran	D₄₂ N.Y. Retired	D₄₃ N.C. Ran	D₄₄ Okla. Ran	D₄₅ Ore. Ran	D₄₆ S.C. (reg) Ran	D₄₇ S.C. (sp) Retired	D₄₈ Washington Ran
Majority →									D₄₉ W.Virginia (sp) Retired
R₃₉ Maryland Ran	R₄₀ N.H. Ran	R₄₁ N.D. Ran	R₄₂ Ohio Ran	R₄₃ Pa. Ran	R₄₄ S.D. Ran	R₄₅ Utah Ran	R₄₆ Vt. Ran	R₄₇ Wisc. Ran	D₄₉ W.Virginia (sp) Retired
R₃₈ Kan. Ran	R₃₇ Iowa Ran	R₃₆ Ind. Ran	R₃₅ Ill. Ran	R₃₄ Idaho Ran	R₃₃ Conn. Ran	R₃₂ Colo. Retired	R₃₁ California Ran	R₃₀	R₂₉
R₁₉	R₂₀	R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄	R₂₅	R₂₆	R₂₇	R₂₈
R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁	R₁₀	R₉
		R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈

Elections results

		D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈
D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁	D₁₀	D₉
D₁₉	D₂₀	D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈
D₃₈ Mo. Re-elected	D₃₇ La. Re-elected	D₃₆ Ga. Hold	D₃₅ Florida Re-elected	D₃₄ Ark. Re-elected	D₃₃ Ariz. Re-elected	D₃₂ Ala. Re-elected	D₃₁	D₃₀	D₂₉
D₃₉ Nev. Re-elected	D₄₀ N.C. Re-elected	D₄₁ Okla. Re-elected	D₄₂ Ore. Re-elected	D₄₃ S.C. (reg) Re-elected	D₄₄ S.C. (sp) Hold	D₄₅ Washington Re-elected	D₄₆ Colo. Gain	D₄₇ Idaho Gain	D₄₈ Ohio Gain
Majority →									D₄₉ Pa. Gain
R₃₉ N.D. Re-elected	R₄₀ S.D. Re-elected	R₄₁ Utah Re-elected	R₄₂ Vt. Re-elected	R₄₃ Wisc. Re-elected	R₄₄ Ky. (reg) Gain	R₄₅ Ky. (sp) Gain	R₄₆ N.Y. Gain	R₄₇ W.Virginia (sp) Gain	D₄₉ Pa. Gain
R₃₈ N.H. Re-elected	R₃₇ Maryland Re-elected	R₃₆ Kan. Re-elected	R₃₅ Iowa Re-elected	R₃₄ Ind. Re-elected	R₃₃ Ill. Re-elected	R₃₂ Conn. Re-elected	R₃₁ California Re-elected	R₃₀	R₂₉
R₁₉	R₂₀	R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄	R₂₅	R₂₆	R₂₇	R₂₈
R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁	R₁₀	R₉
		R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈

Key

D_#	Democratic
R_#	Republican

Race summaries

Special elections during the 84th Congress

In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1956 or in 1957 before January 3; ordered by election date, then state.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Kentucky (Class 2)	Robert Humphreys	Democratic	1956 (Appointed)	Interim appointee retired. New senator elected November 6, 1956. Republican gain.	▌Y John Sherman Cooper (Republican) 53.2% ▌Lawrence Wetherby (Democratic) 46.8%
South Carolina (Class 2)	Thomas A. Wofford	Democratic	1956 (Appointed)	Interim appointee retired. New senator elected November 6, 1956. Democratic hold.	▌Y Strom Thurmond (Democratic) Unopposed
West Virginia (Class 1)	William Laird III	Democratic	1956 (Appointed)	Interim appointee retired. New senator elected November 6, 1956. Republican gain.	▌Y Chapman Revercomb (Republican) 53.7% ▌William C. Marland (Democratic) 46.3%

Races leading to the 85th Congress

In these regular elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning January 3, 1957; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 3 seats.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Alabama	J. Lister Hill	Democratic	1938 (Appointed) 1938 1944 1950	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y J. Lister Hill (Democratic) Unopposed
Arizona	Carl Hayden	Democratic	1926 1932 1938 1944 1950	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Carl Hayden (Democratic) 61.4% ▌Ross F. Jones (Republican) 38.6%
Arkansas	J. William Fulbright	Democratic	1944 1950	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y J. William Fulbright (Democratic) 83.0% ▌Ben C. Henley (Republican) 17.0%
California	Thomas Kuchel	Republican	1953 (Appointed) 1954 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Thomas Kuchel (Republican) 54.0% ▌Richard Richards (Democratic) 45.6% ▌Ray Gourley (Prohibition) 0.4%
Colorado	Eugene Millikin	Republican	1941 (Appointed) 1942 (special) 1944 1950	Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	▌Y John A. Carroll (Democratic) 50.2% ▌Daniel I. J. Thornton (Republican) 49.8%
Connecticut	Prescott Bush	Republican	1952 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Prescott Bush (Republican) 54.8% ▌Thomas J. Dodd (Democratic) 43.1%
Florida	George Smathers	Democratic	1950	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y George Smathers (Democratic) Unopposed
Georgia	Walter F. George	Democratic	1922 (special) 1926 1932 1938 1944 1950	Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Democratic hold.	▌Y Herman Talmadge (Democratic) Unopposed
Idaho	Herman Welker	Republican	1950	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	▌Y Frank Church (Democratic) 56.2% ▌Herman Welker (Republican) 38.7%
Illinois	Everett Dirksen	Republican	1950	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Everett Dirksen (Republican) 54.1% ▌W. Richard Stengel^[b] (Democratic) 45.7%
Indiana	Homer E. Capehart	Republican	1944 1950	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Homer E. Capehart (Republican) 55.2% ▌Claude R. Wickard (Democratic) 44.4%
Iowa	Bourke B. Hickenlooper	Republican	1944 1950	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Bourke B. Hickenlooper (Republican) 53.9% ▌R. M. Evans (Democratic) 46.1%
Kansas	Frank Carlson	Republican	1950 (special) 1950	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Frank Carlson (Republican) 57.9% ▌George Hart (Democratic) 40.5%
Kentucky	Earle Clements	Democratic	1950 (special) 1950	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Republican gain.	▌Y Thruston Ballard Morton (Republican) 50.4% ▌Earle Clements (Democratic) 49.6%
Louisiana	Russell B. Long	Democratic	1948 (special) 1950	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Russell B. Long (Democratic) Unopposed
Maryland	John Marshall Butler	Republican	1950	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Marshall Butler (Republican) 53.0% ▌George P. Mahoney (Democratic) 47.0%
Missouri	Thomas C. Hennings Jr.	Democratic	1950	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Thomas C. Hennings Jr. (Democratic) 56.4% ▌Herbert Douglas (Republican) 43.6%
Nevada	Alan Bible	Democratic	1954 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Alan Bible (Democratic) 52.6% ▌Clarence Clifton Young (Republican) 47.4%
New Hampshire	Norris Cotton	Republican	1954 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Norris Cotton (Republican) 64.1% ▌Laurence M. Pickett (Democratic) 35.9%
New York	Herbert H. Lehman	Democratic	1949 (special) 1950	Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Republican gain. Winner delayed term until January 9, 1957, when he resigned his post as an Attorney General of New York.	▌Y Jacob Javits (Republican) 53.3% ▌Robert F. Wagner Jr. (Democratic) 46.7%
North Carolina	Sam Ervin	Democratic	1954 (Appointed) 1954 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Sam Ervin (Democratic) 66.6% ▌Joel A. Johnson (Republican) 33.4%
North Dakota	Milton Young	Republican	1945 (Appointed) 1946 (special) 1950	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Milton Young (Republican) 63.6% ▌Quentin Burdick (Democratic-NPL) 36.0%
Ohio	George H. Bender	Republican	1954 (special)	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	▌Y Frank Lausche (Democratic) 52.9% ▌George H. Bender (Republican) 47.1%
Oklahoma	Mike Monroney	Democratic	1950	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mike Monroney (Democratic) 55.4% ▌Douglas McKeever (Republican) 44.7%
Oregon	Wayne Morse	Democratic	1944^[c] 1950	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Wayne Morse (Democratic) 54.2% ▌Douglas McKay (Republican) 45.8%
Pennsylvania	James H. Duff	Republican	1950	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	▌Y Joseph S. Clark Jr. (Democratic) 50.1% ▌James H. Duff (Republican) 49.7%
South Carolina	Olin D. Johnston	Democratic	1944 1950	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Olin D. Johnston (Democratic) Unopposed
South Dakota	Francis Case	Republican	1950	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Francis Case (Republican) 50.8% ▌Kenneth Holum (Democratic) 49.2%
Utah	Wallace F. Bennett	Republican	1950	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Wallace F. Bennett (Republican) 54.0% ▌Alonzo F. Hopkin (Democratic) 46.0%
Vermont	George Aiken	Republican	1940 (special) 1944 1950	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y George Aiken (Republican) 66.4% ▌Bernard G. O'Shea (Democratic) 33.6%
Washington	Warren Magnuson	Democratic	1944 (Appointed) 1944 1950	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Warren Magnuson (Democratic) 61.1% ▌Arthur B. Langlie (Republican) 38.9%
Wisconsin	Alexander Wiley	Republican	1938 1944 1950	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Alexander Wiley (Republican) 58.6% ▌Henry Maier (Democratic) 41.2%

Closest races

Fifteen races had a margin of victory under 10%:

State	Party of winner	Margin
Colorado	Democratic (flip)	0.4%^[d]
Pennsylvania	Democratic (flip)	0.4%
Kentucky	Republican (flip)	0.8%
South Dakota	Republican	1.6%
Nevada	Democratic	5.2%
Ohio	Democratic	5.8%
Maryland	Republican	6.0%
Kentucky (special)	Republican (flip)	6.4%
New York	Republican (flip)	6.6%
West Virginia (special)	Republican (flip)	7.4%
Iowa	Republican	7.8%
Utah	Republican	8.0%
California	Republican	8.34%
Illinois	Republican	8.39%
Oregon	Democratic	8.4%

Alabama

United States Senate election in Alabama of 1956^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	J. Lister Hill (Incumbent)	330,182	100.00
	Democratic hold

Arizona

1956 United States Senate election in Arizona^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Carl Hayden (Incumbent)	170,816	61.39
	Republican	Ross F. Jones	107,447	38.61
Majority			63,369	22.78
Turnout			278,263
	Democratic hold

Arkansas

1956 U.S. Senate election in Arkansas

← 1950

November 6, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	J. William Fulbright	Ben C. Henley
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	331,679	98,013
Percentage	82.98%	17.02%

County results
Fulbright: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% >90%
Henley: 50–60%

U.S. senator before election

J. William Fulbright
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

J. William Fulbright
Democratic

1956 United States Senate election in Arkansas^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	J. William Fulbright (Incumbent)	331,689	82.98
	Republican	Ben C. Henley	68,016	17.02
Majority			263,673	65.96
Turnout			399,705
	Democratic hold

California

1956 United States Senate election in California

← 1954 (special)

November 6, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	Thomas Kuchel	Richard Richards
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	2,892,918	2,445,816
Percentage	53.96%	45.62%

County results
Kuchel:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%
     70–80%      80–90%
Richards:      40–50%      50–60%

U.S. senator before election

Thomas Kuchel
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Thomas Kuchel
Republican

1956 United States Senate election in California^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Thomas Kuchel (Incumbent)	2,892,918	53.96
	Democratic	Richard Richards	2,445,816	45.62
	Prohibition	Ray Gourley	22,410	0.42
	None	Scattering	323	0.01
Majority			447,102	8.34
Turnout			5,361,467
	Republican hold

Colorado

1956 United States Senate election in Colorado

← 1950

November 6, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	John A. Carroll	Daniel I. J. Thornton
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	319,872	317,102
Percentage	50.22%	49.78%

Results by county
Carroll: 50–60% 60–70%
Thornton: 50–60% 60–70%

U.S. senator before election

Eugene Millikin
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

John A. Carroll
Democratic

1956 United States Senate election in Colorado^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	John A. Carroll	319,872	50.22
	Republican	Dan Thornton	317,102	49.78
Majority			2,770	0.44
Turnout			636,974
	Democratic gain from Republican

Connecticut

1956 United States Senate election in Connecticut

← 1952 (special)

November 6, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	Prescott Bush	Thomas J. Dodd
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	610,829	479,460
Percentage	54.84%	43.05%

Bush: 40-50% 50-60% 60-70% 70-80% 80-90%
Dodd: 40–50% 50–60% 60-70%

U.S. senator before election

Prescott Bush
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Prescott Bush
Republican

1956 United States Senate election in Connecticut^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Prescott Bush (Incumbent)	610,829	54.84
	Democratic	Thomas J. Dodd	479,460	43.05
	Independent Republican	Suzanne S. Stevenson	10,199	0.92
	Socialist	Jasper McLevy	7,079	0.64
	Write-In	Vivien Kellems	6,219	0.56
	None	Scattering	33	0.00
Majority			131,369	11.79
Turnout			1,113,819
	Republican hold

Florida

1956 United States Senate election in Florida

← 1950

May 8, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	George Smathers
Party	Democratic
Popular vote	655,418
Percentage	100.0%

County results
Smathers: 90-100%

U.S. senator before election

George Smathers
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

George Smathers
Democratic

1956 United States Senate election in Florida^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	George A. Smathers (incumbent)	655,418	100.00
	Democratic hold

Georgia

1956 United States Senate election in Georgia^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Herman Talmadge	541,094	99.97
	None	Scattering	173	0.03
Majority			540,921	99.94
Turnout			541,267
	Democratic hold

Idaho

1956 United States Senate election in Idaho

← 1950

November 6, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	Frank Church	Herman Welker	Glen H. Taylor (Write-in)
Party	Democratic	Republican	Independent
Popular vote	149,096	102,781	13,415
Percentage	56.20%	38.74%	5.06%

County results
Church: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Welker: 40–50% 50-60%

U.S. senator before election

Herman Welker
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Frank Church
Democratic

1956 United States Senate election in Idaho^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Frank Church	149,096	56.20
	Republican	Herman Welker (Incumbent)	102,781	38.74
	Write-in	Glen Taylor	13,415	5.06
Majority			46,315	17.46
Turnout			265,292
	Democratic gain from Republican

Illinois

Illinois election

← 1950

1962 →

Turnout

81.74%


Nominee	Everett M. Dirksen	Richard Stengel
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	2,307,552	1,949,883
Percentage	54.11%	45.72%

County results
Dirksen: 50-60% 60-70% 70-80%
Stengel: 50–60%

Senator before election

Everett M. Dirksen
Republican

Elected Senator

Everett M. Dirksen
Republican

1956 United States Senate election in Illinois^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Everett Dirksen (Incumbent)	2,307,352	54.10
	Democratic	Richard Stengel	1,949,883	45.72
	Socialist Labor	Louis Fisher	7,587	0.18
	None	Scattering	8	0.00
Majority			357,469	8.38
Turnout			4,264,830
	Republican hold

Indiana

1956 United States Senate election in Indiana

← 1950

November 6, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	Homer Capehart	Claude Wickard
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	1,084,262	871,781
Percentage	55.21%	44.39%

County results
Capehart: 50–60% 60-70% 70-80%
Wickard: 40–50% 50–60%

U.S. senator before election

Homer Capehart
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Homer Capehart
Republican

1956 United States Senate election in Indiana^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Homer Capehart (Incumbent)	1,084,262	55.20
	Democratic	Claude R. Wickard	871,781	44.39
	Prohibition	Carl W. Thompson	6,685	0.34
	Socialist Labor	Gordon A. Long	1,258	0.06
Majority			212,481	10.81
Turnout			1,963,986
	Republican hold

Iowa

1956 United States Senate election in Iowa

← 1950

November 6, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	Bourke B. Hickenlooper	Rudolph M. Evans
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	635,499	543,156
Percentage	53.92%	46.08%

County results
Stanley: 50-60% 60-70% 70-80%
Evans: 50–60%

U.S. senator before election

Bourke B. Hickenlooper
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Bourke B. Hickenlooper
Republican

1956 United States Senate election in Iowa^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Bourke B. Hickenlooper (Incumbent)	635,499	53.92
	Democratic	Rudolph M. Evans	543,156	46.08
Majority			92,343	7.84
Turnout			1,178,655
	Republican hold

Kansas

1956 United States Senate election in Kansas

← 1950

November 6, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	Frank Carlson	George Hart
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	477,822	333,939
Percentage	57.90%	40.46%

County results
Carlson: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Hart: 50–60%

U.S. senator before election

Frank Carlson
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Frank Carlson
Republican

1956 United States Senate election in Kansas^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Frank Carlson (Incumbent)	477,822	57.90
	Democratic	George Hart	333,939	40.46
	Prohibition	C. Floyd Hester	13,519	1.64
Majority			143,883	17.44
Turnout			825,280
	Republican hold

Kentucky

Two elections in Kentucky converted both seats from Democratic to Republican. As a result, this marked the first time since 1916 that both Senate seats in a state flipped from one party to the other in a single election cycle.

Kentucky (special)

1956 United States Senate special election in Kentucky

← 1954

November 6, 1956

1960 →


Nominee	John Sherman Cooper	Lawrence Wetherby
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	538,505	473,140
Percentage	53.23%	46.77%

County results
Sherman: 50-60% 60-70% 70–80% 80–90%
Wetherby: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

U.S. senator before election

Robert Humphreys
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

John Sherman Cooper
Republican

Following the death of Alben Barkley on April 30, 1956, Robert Humphreys was appointed June 21, 1956 to continue the term, pending a special election.^[2] Humphreys did not run in the special election to finish the term that would end in 1961.

Republican former-senator John Sherman Cooper, who had twice won special elections to that seat in 1946 and 1952, was again elected to finish the term.

1956 United States Senate special election in Kentucky^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	John Sherman Cooper	538,505	53.23
	Democratic	Lawrence W. Wetherby	473,140	46.77
Majority			65,365	6.46
Turnout			1,011,645
	Republican gain from Democratic

This time, however, Cooper would be re-elected in 1960 and again in 1966, serving until his 1973 retirement.

Kentucky (regular)

1956 United States Senate election in Kentucky

← 1950

November 6, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	Thruston Ballard Morton	Earle Clements
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	506,903	499,922
Percentage	50.35%	49.65%

County results
Morton: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Clements: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%

U.S. senator before election

Earle Clements
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Thruston Ballard Morton
Republican

First-term Democrat Earle Clements lost re-election to Republican Thruston B. Morton, who was Eisenhower's Assistant Secretary of State for Legislative Affairs.

1956 United States Senate election in Kentucky^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Thruston B. Morton	506,903	50.35
	Democratic	Earle Clements (Incumbent)	499,922	49.65
Majority			6,981	0.70
Turnout			1,006,825
	Republican gain from Democratic

Louisiana

1956 United States Senate election in Louisiana

← 1950

November 6, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	Russell B. Long
Party	Democratic
Popular vote	335,564
Percentage	100.00%

Parish results
Long: >90%

U.S. senator before election

Russell B. Long
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Russell B. Long
Democratic

1956 United States Senate election in Louisiana^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Russell Long (Incumbent)	335,564	100.00
	Democratic hold

Maryland

1956 United States Senate election in Maryland

← 1950

November 6, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	John Marshall Butler	George P. Mahoney
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	473,059	420,108
Percentage	52.96%	47.04%

County results
Butler: 50–60% 60–70%
Mahoney: 50–60%

U.S. senator before election

John Marshall Butler
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

John Marshall Butler
Republican

1956 United States Senate election in Maryland^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	John Marshall Butler (Incumbent)	473,059	52.96
	Democratic	George P. Mahoney	420,108	47.04
Majority			52,951	5.92
Turnout			893,167
	Republican hold

Missouri

1956 United States Senate election in Missouri

← 1950

1960 (special) →


Nominee	Thomas C. Hennings Jr.	Herbert Douglas
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	1,015,936	785,048
Percentage	56.41%	43.59%

County results
Hennings: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Douglas: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

U.S. senator before election

Thomas C. Hennings Jr.
Democratic

Elected U.S. senator

Thomas C. Hennings Jr.
Democratic

1956 United States Senate election in Missouri^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Thomas C. Hennings Jr. (Incumbent)	1,015,936	56.41
	Republican	Herbert Douglas	785,048	43.59
Majority			230,888	12.82
Turnout			1,800,984
	Democratic hold

Nevada

1956 United States Senate election in Nevada

← 1954 (special)

November 6, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	Alan Bible	Cliff Young
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	50,677	45,712
Percentage	52.58%	47.42%

County results
Bible: 50–60% 60–70%
Young: 50–60% 60–70%

U.S. senator before election

Alan Bible
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Alan Bible
Democratic

1956 United States Senate election in Nevada^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Alan Bible (Incumbent)	50,677	52.58
	Republican	Cliff Young	45,712	47.42
Majority			4,965	5.16
Turnout			96,389
	Democratic hold

New Hampshire

1956 United States Senate election in New Hampshire

← 1954 (special)

November 6, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	Norris Cotton	Laurence M. Pickett
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	161,424	90,519
Percentage	64.07%	35.93%

County results
Cotton: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%

U.S. senator before election

Norris Cotton
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Norris Cotton
Republican

1956 United States Senate election in New Hampshire^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Norris Cotton (Incumbent)	161,424	64.07
	Democratic	Laurence M. Pickett	90,519	35.93
Majority			70,905	28.14
Turnout			251,943
	Republican hold

New York

1956 United States Senate election in New York

← 1950

November 6, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	Jacob Javits	Robert F. Wagner Jr.
Party	Republican	Democratic
Alliance		Liberal
Popular vote	3,723,933	3,265,159
Percentage	53.27%	46.71%

County results
Javits: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Wagner: 50–60% 60–70%

U.S. senator before election

Herbert H. Lehman
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Jacob Javits
Republican

In New York, the Republican state convention met on September 10 at Albany, New York, and nominated New York State Attorney General Jacob K. Javits.^[3] The Democratic state convention met on September 10 at Albany, New York, and nominated Mayor of New York City Robert F. Wagner Jr., for the U.S. Senate.^[4] The Liberal Party endorsed the Democratic nominee, Mayor Robert F. Wagner Jr., for the U.S. Senate.^[5] On October 1, a movement was launched to vote for General of the Army Douglas MacArthur as a write-in candidate for the U.S. Senate.^[6] On October 2, MacArthur disavowed the campaign, and stated that he was not a candidate.^[7]

The Republican candidate was elected.

1956 United States Senate election in New York^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Jacob Javits	3,723,933	53.26
	Democratic	Robert F. Wagner Jr.	3,265,159	46.70
	None	Scattering	1,390	0.02
	None	Miscellaneous	654	0.01
Majority			458,774	6.56
Turnout			6,991,136
	Republican gain from Democratic

North Carolina

1956 United States Senate election in North Carolina

← 1954 (special)

November 6, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	Sam Ervin	Joel A. Johnson
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	731,353	367,475
Percentage	66.56%	33.44%

County results
Ervin: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% >90%
Johnson: 50-60% 60-70% 70–80%

Senator before election

Sam Ervin
Democratic

Elected Senator

Sam Ervin
Democratic

1956 United States Senate election in North Carolina^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Samuel J. Ervin Jr. (Incumbent)	731,433	66.56
	Republican	Joel A. Johnson	367,475	33.44
Majority			363,958	33.12
Turnout			1,098,908
	Democratic hold

North Dakota

1956 United States Senate election in North Dakota

← 1950

November 6, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	Milton Young	Quentin Burdick
Party	Republican	Democratic–NPL
Popular vote	155,305	87,919
Percentage	63.61%	36.01%

County results
Young: 40-50% 50-60% 60-70% 70-80% 80-90%

U.S. senator before election

Milton Young
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Milton Young
Republican

In North Dakota, the incumbent, Republican Milton Young, sought and received re-election to his third term, defeating North Dakota Democratic-NPL Party candidate Quentin N. Burdick, son of North Dakota congressman Usher L. Burdick.^[8]

Only Young filed as a Republican, and the endorsed Democratic candidate was Quentin Burdick, the son of well-known politician Usher Burdick, and former candidate for Governor of North Dakota. Young and Burdick won the primary elections for their respective parties.

One independent candidate, Arthur C. Townley, also filed before the deadline. Townley would later seek the state's other senate seat in 1958, and was known for creating the National Non-Partisan League.

1956 United States Senate election in North Dakota^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Milton R. Young (incumbent)	155,305	63.61
	Democratic–NPL	Quentin N. Burdick	87,919	36.01
	Independent	Arthur C. Townley	937	0.38
Majority			67,386	27.60
Turnout			244,161
	Republican hold

Ohio

1956 United States Senate election in Ohio

← 1954 (special)

November 6, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	Frank Lausche	George H. Bender
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	1,864,589	1,660,910
Percentage	52.89%	47.11%

County results
Lausche: 50–60% 60–70%
Bender: 50–60% 60–70%

U.S. senator before election

George H. Bender
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Frank J. Lausche
Democratic

1956 United States Senate election in Ohio^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Frank J. Lausche	1,864,589	52.89
	Republican	George H. Bender (Incumbent)	1,660,910	47.11
Majority			203,679	5.78
Turnout			3,525,499
	Democratic gain from Republican

Oklahoma

1956 United States Senate election in Oklahoma

← 1950

November 6, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	Mike Monroney	Douglas McKeever
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	459,996	371,146
Percentage	55.35%	44.65%

County results
Monroney: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
McKeever: 50–60% 60–70%

U.S. senator before election

Mike Monroney
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Mike Monroney
Democratic

1956 United States Senate election in Oklahoma^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Mike Monroney (Incumbent)	459,996	55.35
	Republican	Douglas McKeever	371,146	44.65
Majority			88,850	10.70
Turnout			831,142
	Democratic hold

Oregon

1956 United States Senate election in Oregon

← 1950

November 7, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	Wayne Morse	Douglas McKay
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	396,849	335,405
Percentage	54.20%	45.80%

County results
Morse: 50–60% 60–70%
McKay: 50-60%

Senator before election

Wayne Morse
Democratic

Elected Senator

Wayne Morse
Democratic

In Oregon, Republican-turned-Independent-turned-Democrat Wayne Morse decided to seek re-election for his first full term as a Democrat. Morse defeated Republican candidate Douglas McKay in the hotly contested general election.^[9]

1956 Oregon United States Senate election^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Wayne Morse, Incumbent Senator since 1945; Democratic party since 1955	396,849	54.20
	Republican	Douglas McKay, former Governor of Oregon (1949–1952) and United States Secretary of the Interior (1953–1956)	335,405	45.80
Majority			61,444	8.39
Turnout			732,254
	Democratic hold

Pennsylvania

1956 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania

← 1950

November 6, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	Joseph S. Clark Jr.	James H. Duff
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	2,268,641	2,250,671
Percentage	50.08%	49.69%

County results
Clark Jr.: 50–60% 60–70%
Duff: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

U.S. senator before election

James H. Duff
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Joseph S. Clark Jr.
Democratic

In Pennsylvania, incumbent Republican U.S. senator James H. Duff sought re-election to another term, but was defeated by the Democratic nominee, Joseph S. Clark Jr.

General election results^[8]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Joseph S. Clark Jr. Former Mayor of Philadelphia	2,268,641	50.08
	Republican	James H. Duff Incumbent U.S. senator	2,250,671	49.69
	Socialist Labor	George S. Taylor	7,447	0.16
	Militant Workers	Herbert G. Lewin	2,035	0.05
Majority			17,970	0.39
Turnout			4,529,874
	Democratic gain from Republican

South Carolina

In South Carolina the regular election was held simultaneously with the special election.

South Carolina (regular)

1956 United States Senate election in South Carolina

← 1950

November 6, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	Olin D. Johnston	Leon P. Crawford
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	230,150	49,695
Percentage	82.21%	17.75%

County results
Johnston: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% >90%

U.S. senator before election

Olin D. Johnston
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Olin D. Johnston
Democratic

Incumbent Democrat Olin D. Johnston handily defeated Republican mayor of Clemson Leon P. Crawford. Olin D. Johnston, the incumbent Senator, faced no opposition from South Carolina Democrats and avoided a primary election. Leon P. Crawford, the mayor of the town of Clemson in the Upstate, faced no opposition from South Carolina Republicans and avoided a primary election. Crawford campaigned as a defender of states' rights and denounced Johnston for backing the New Deal and the Fair Deal. The state Republican Party believed that Crawford could have a chance in the election if he galvanized the 128,000 registered black voters, although they were weary of being labeled as the black party. In the end, Johnston remained highly popular with the voters who were still leery of the Republican party and he easily defeated Crawford in the general election.

South Carolina U.S. Senate Election, 1956
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Olin D. Johnston (Incumbent)	230,150	82.21	−17.69%
	Republican	Leon P. Crawford	49,695	17.75	+17.75%
	Write-in	Write-Ins	124	0.04	−0.1%
Majority			180,455	64.46	−35.34%
Turnout			279,969	36.8
	Democratic hold		Swing

South Carolina (special)

1956 United States Senate special election in South Carolina

← 1954

November 6, 1956 (1956-11-06)

1960 →


Nominee	Strom Thurmond
Party	Democratic
Popular vote	245,371
Percentage	100.00%

County results
Thurmond: 90-100%

U.S. senator before election

Thomas A. Wofford
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Strom Thurmond
Democratic

The special election resulted from the resignation of Senator Strom Thurmond on April 4, 1956, who was keeping a campaign pledge he had made in the 1954 election. Thurmond was unopposed in his bid to complete the remaining four years of the term. Senator Strom Thurmond faced no opposition from South Carolina Democrats and avoided a primary election. There was a possibility that Governor George Bell Timmerman Jr. might enter the race, but Thurmond was held in such high regard by the voters that there would have been no chance of defeating Thurmond. With no challenge to the remainder of the term, Thurmond did not conduct a campaign and rejoined his old law firm in Aiken until he returned to the Senate after the general election.

South Carolina U.S. Senate Special Election, 1956^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Strom Thurmond	245,371	100.0	+36.9%
Majority			245,371	100.0	+73.7%
Turnout			245,371	32.2	+5.9%
	Democratic hold		Swing

South Dakota

1956 United States Senate election in South Dakota

← 1950

November 6, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	Francis H. Case	Kenneth Holum
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	147,621	143,001
Percentage	50.79%	49.21%

County results
Case: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Holum: 50–60% 60–70%

U.S. senator before election

Francis H. Case
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Francis H. Case
Republican

1956 United States Senate election in South Dakota^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Francis Case (Incumbent)	147,621	50.79
	Democratic	Kenneth Holum	143,001	49.21
Majority			4,620	1.58
Turnout			290,622
	Republican hold

Utah

1956 United States Senate election in Utah

← 1950

November 6, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	Wallace F. Bennett	Alonzo F. Hopkin
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	178,261	152,120
Percentage	53.96%	46.04%

County results
Bennett: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Hopkin: 50–60% 60–70% 80–90%

U.S. senator before election

Wallace F. Bennett
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Wallace F. Bennett
Republican

1956 United States Senate election in Utah^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Wallace F. Bennett (Incumbent)	178,261	53.96
	Democratic	Alonzo F. Hopkin	152,120	46.04
Majority			26,141	7.92
Turnout			330,381
	Republican hold

Vermont

1956 United States Senate election in Vermont

← 1950

November 6, 1956 (1956-11-06)

1962 →


Nominee	George Aiken	Bernard O'Shea
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	103,101	52,184
Percentage	66.39%	33.61%

Aiken: 50-60% 60-70% 70-80% 80-90% 90-100%
O'Shea: 50-60% 60-70% 70-80%

U.S. senator before election

George Aiken
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

George Aiken
Republican

In Vermont, incumbent Republican George Aiken ran successfully for re-election to another term in the United States Senate, defeating Democratic challenger Bernard G. O'Shea.

Republican primary results^[10]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	George Aiken (Incumbent)	49,454	99.9
	Republican	Other	27	0.1
Total votes			49,481	100

Democratic primary results^[10]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Bernard G. O'Shea	7,997	99.8
	Democratic	Other	19	0.2
Total votes			801	100

1956 United States Senate election in Vermont^[11]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	George Aiken (Incumbent)	103,101	66.39
	Democratic	Bernard G. O'Shea	52,184	33.60
	None	Scattering	4	0.00
Majority			50,917	32.79
Turnout			155,289
	Republican hold

Washington

1956 United States Senate election in Washington

← 1950

November 6, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	Warren Magnuson	Arthur B. Langlie
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	685,565	436,652
Percentage	61.09%	38.91%

County results
Magnuson: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

U.S. senator before election

Warren Magnuson
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Warren Magnuson
Democratic

1956 United States Senate election in Washington^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Warren G. Magnuson (Incumbent)	685,565	61.09
	Republican	Arthur B. Langlie	436,652	38.91
Majority			248,913	22.18
Turnout			1,122,217
	Democratic hold

West Virginia (special)

1956 United States Senate special election in West Virginia

← 1952

November 6, 1956

1958 →


Nominee	Chapman Revercomb	William C. Marland
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	432,123	373,051
Percentage	53.67%	46.33%

County results
Revercomb: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Marland: 50–60% 60–70%

U.S. senator before election

William Laird III
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Chapman Revercomb
Republican

Following the death of Harley M. Kilgore on February 28, 1956, William Laird III was appointed to fill this seat and assumed office on March 13, 1956.^[2] Laird did not opt to run in the special election to fill the remainder of Kilgore's term through the end of the 85th Congress on January 3, 1959. As of 2024^[update], this is the last time the Republicans have won West Virginia's Class 1 seat. This was also the last time until 2014 that the Republicans won a U.S. Senate election in the state.

1956 United States Senate election in West Virginia^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	William Chapman Revercomb	432,123	53.67
	Democratic	William C. Marland	373,051	46.33
Majority			59,072	7.34
Turnout			805,174
	Republican gain from Democratic

Wisconsin

1956 United States Senate election in Wisconsin

← 1950

November 6, 1956

1962 →


Nominee	Alexander Wiley	Henry Maier
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	892,473	627,903
Percentage	58.59%	41.22%

County results
Wiley: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Maier: 50–60%

U.S. senator before election

Alexander Wiley
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Alexander Wiley
Republican

Incumbent Republican Senator Alexander Wiley easily won reelection to a fourth and final term, defeating the Democratic candidate, Henry W. Maier, by a margin of 17.4%. This would be the last time a Republican would win a Senate race in Wisconsin until Bob Kasten in 1980, and the last time a Republican would win more than 2 terms until Ron Johnson's victory in 2022.

1956 United States Senate election in Wisconsin^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Alexander Wiley (Incumbent)	892,473	58.59
	Democratic	Henry W. Maier	627,903	41.22
	Independent	Walter Semrau	2,745	0.18
	None	Scattering	235	0.02
Majority			264,570	17.37
Turnout			1,523,356
	Republican hold

Notes

^ ^a ^b The Liberal Party in New York endorsed Robert F. Wagner Jr., a Democrat, but the Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives did not tabulate their votes, totaling 300,648, into the national Democratic total.^[1]
^ W. (William) Richard Stengel was an Illinois lawyer, state legislator and (after his loss to Dirksen) Rock Island County State's attorney and an Illinois judge. He died in 1994.
^ Morse was first elected in 1944 and re-elected in 1950 as a Republican. He became an independent in 1952 and joined the Democratic Party in 1955.
^ Colorado was the "tipping-point state".

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives (September 15, 1958). "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 6, 1956" (PDF). U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 17, 40, 46, 53.
^ ^a ^b "SENATORS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1789-present, A chronological list of senators since the First Congress in 1789" (PDF). United States Senate. p. 64. Retrieved November 28, 2020.
^ Leo Egan (September 11, 1956). "G.O.P. UNANIMOUS; Attorney General Hails Party Stand Against Political 'Smears' Effect of Rumors Feared JAVITS IS NAMED FOR SENATE RACE Nominated by McGovern MacArthur Plea Presented Dewey Declines A Heck-Sprague Victory". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 10, 2020.
^ "Wagner's Address Accepting Democratic Senatorial Nomination; The Problems Involved 'These Are Serious Times'". The New York Times. September 11, 1956. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 10, 2020.
^ Douglas Dales; ROBERT WALKER (September 12, 1956). "STEVENSON PUTS RACIAL 'CLIMATE' UP TO PRESIDENT; Assails Eisenhower Stand-- Wins Liberal Nomination, With Mayor Wagner Party Nominates Slate STEVENSON BACKS ANTI-BIAS RULING". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 10, 2020.
^ "Write-in State Vote for M'arthur Urged". The New York Times. October 2, 1956. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 10, 2020.
^ "M'ARTHUR DISAVOWS BID; General Repeats He Is Not Candidate for Senate". The New York Times. October 3, 1956. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 10, 2020.
^ ^a ^b "Statistics of the Congressional and Presidential Election of November 6, 1956" (PDF). Office of the Clerk of the U.S. House. Retrieved July 8, 2014.
^ "Our Campaigns - OR US Senate Race - Nov 06, 1956". www.ourcampaigns.com.
^ ^a ^b "Primary Election Results" (PDF). Office of the Vermont Secretary of State. Retrieved June 17, 2015.
^ "General Election Results - U.S. Senator - 1914-2014" (PDF). Office of the Vermont Secretary of State. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 4, 2016. Retrieved June 17, 2015.

Sources

1956 U.S. Senate Election results
Warren Weaver Jr (December 11, 1956). "STATE ELECTORS TO VOTE MONDAY; But Harriman Will Not Hold Reception for Republicans --Final Tally Listed Dewey Held Receptions 4.3 Million for Eisenhower". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 10, 2020.
Supplemental Report of the Secretary of State to the General Assembly of South Carolina. Reports and Resolutions of South Carolina to the General Assembly of the State of South Carolina. Vol. I. Columbia, South Carolina. 1957. pp. 8–9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Kalk, Bruce H. (2001). The Origins of the Southern Strategy: Two-Party Competition in South. Lexington Books. pp. 30, 33.
Bass, Jack; Thompson, Marilyn W. (1998). Ol' Strom: An Unauthorized Biography of Strom Thurmond. Longstreet. p. 155.

[NY_alliance-2] The Liberal Party in New York endorsed Robert F. Wagner Jr., a Democrat, but the Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives did not tabulate their votes, totaling 300,648, into the national Democratic total.^[1]

[3] W. (William) Richard Stengel was an Illinois lawyer, state legislator and (after his loss to Dirksen) Rock Island County State's attorney and an Illinois judge. He died in 1994.

[4] Morse was first elected in 1944 and re-elected in 1950 as a Republican. He became an independent in 1952 and joined the Democratic Party in 1955.

[5] Colorado was the "tipping-point state".

[Clerk-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives (September 15, 1958). "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 6, 1956" (PDF). U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 17, 40, 46, 53.

[Senate_chron_members-6] "SENATORS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1789-present, A chronological list of senators since the First Congress in 1789" (PDF). United States Senate. p. 64. Retrieved November 28, 2020.

[7] Leo Egan (September 11, 1956). "G.O.P. UNANIMOUS; Attorney General Hails Party Stand Against Political 'Smears' Effect of Rumors Feared JAVITS IS NAMED FOR SENATE RACE Nominated by McGovern MacArthur Plea Presented Dewey Declines A Heck-Sprague Victory". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 10, 2020.

[8] "Wagner's Address Accepting Democratic Senatorial Nomination; The Problems Involved 'These Are Serious Times'". The New York Times. September 11, 1956. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 10, 2020.

[9] Douglas Dales; ROBERT WALKER (September 12, 1956). "STEVENSON PUTS RACIAL 'CLIMATE' UP TO PRESIDENT; Assails Eisenhower Stand-- Wins Liberal Nomination, With Mayor Wagner Party Nominates Slate STEVENSON BACKS ANTI-BIAS RULING". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 10, 2020.

[10] "Write-in State Vote for M'arthur Urged". The New York Times. October 2, 1956. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 10, 2020.

[11] "M'ARTHUR DISAVOWS BID; General Repeats He Is Not Candidate for Senate". The New York Times. October 3, 1956. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 10, 2020.

[results-12] "Statistics of the Congressional and Presidential Election of November 6, 1956" (PDF). Office of the Clerk of the U.S. House. Retrieved July 8, 2014.

[13] "Our Campaigns - OR US Senate Race - Nov 06, 1956". www.ourcampaigns.com.

[primary-14] "Primary Election Results" (PDF). Office of the Vermont Secretary of State. Retrieved June 17, 2015.

[resultsvt-15] "General Election Results - U.S. Senator - 1914-2014" (PDF). Office of the Vermont Secretary of State. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 4, 2016. Retrieved June 17, 2015.

[1]

[a]

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v t e (1955 ←) 1956 United States elections (→ 1957)
President	1956 United States presidential election Democratic primaries Republican primaries Democratic convention Republican convention
U.S. Senate	Alabama Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Florida Georgia Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Kentucky (special) Louisiana Maryland Missouri Nevada New Hampshire New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania South Carolina South Carolina (special) South Dakota Utah Vermont Washington West Virginia Wisconsin
U.S. House	Alabama Arkansas Arizona California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming
State governors	Arizona Arkansas Colorado Delaware Florida Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Maine Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Lt. Gov Missouri Lt. Gov Montana Nebraska Lt. Gov New Hampshire New Mexico North Carolina Lt. Gov North Dakota Ohio Oregon (special) Rhode Island South Dakota Texas Utah Vermont Washington West Virginia Wisconsin
State legislatures	Arizona House Senate Iowa Senate

v t e Lyndon B. Johnson
36th President of the United States (1963–1969) 37th Vice President of the United States (1961–1963) U.S. Senator from Texas (1949–1961) U.S. Representative for TX-10 (1937–1949)
Presidency	Timeline Inaugurations first second Let Us Continue Great Society (Model Cities Program) Architectural Barriers Act Child Nutrition Act Clean Air Act Civil Rights Act of 1964 Coinage Act of 1965 Department of Housing and Urban Development Department of Transportation Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 Head Start Program Job Corps Elementary and Secondary Education Act Equal Employment Opportunity Commission Civil Rights Act of 1968 Fair Housing Act Truth in Lending Act Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1968 Food Stamp Act of 1964 Glassboro Summit Gun Control Act of 1968 Higher Education Act of 1965 Upward Bound TRIO Teacher Corps Housing and Urban Development Act of 1968 Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 Johnson Doctrine Dominican Republic occupation Medicare Medicaid Meritorious Service Medal National Endowment for the Arts National Endowment for the Humanities Executive Order 11246 Executive Order 11375 Older Americans Act Operation CHAOS Outer Space Treaty Public Broadcasting Act of 1967 Foreign policy Vietnam War Gulf of Tonkin Resolution "Credibility gap" VISTA 24th Amendment Voting Rights Act of 1965 War on poverty White House Conference on Civil Rights Cannabis policy White House preservation State of the Union Address 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 Cabinet Judicial appointments Supreme Court Thurgood Marshall Supreme Court nomination controversies Johnson desk Presidential transition of Richard Nixon Executive Orders Presidential Proclamations
Life	Early years and career Operation Texas Texas Broadcasting Company Johnson Amendment Box 13 scandal Bashir Ahmad
Legacy and memorials	Bibliography Lyndon Baines Johnson Library and Museum Lyndon B. Johnson National Grassland Lyndon B. Johnson National Historical Park Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center Lyndon Baines Johnson Day Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs Memorial Grove on the Potomac U.S. Postage stamp
Elections	United States House of Representatives special elections, 1937 1938 United States House of Representatives elections 1940 1942 1944 1946 United States Senate special elections, 1941 1948 United States Senate elections 1954 1960 Democratic Party presidential primaries, 1960 1964 campaign 1968 withdrawal Democratic National Convention 1956 1960 1964 1960 United States presidential election 1964
Public image	Lyndon B. Johnson in popular culture Daisy advertisement Johnson cult The Years of Lyndon Johnson LBJ (1991 television film) Path to War (2002 film) All the Way (play, film) Selma (2014 film) LBJ (2017 film)
Family	Claudia "Lady Bird" Taylor Johnson (wife) Lynda Bird Johnson Robb (daughter) Luci Baines Johnson (daughter) Samuel Ealy Johnson Jr. (father) Sam Houston Johnson (brother) Samuel Ealy Johnson, Sr. (grandfather) Joseph Wilson Baines (grandfather) George Washington Baines (great-grandfather) Chuck Robb (son-in-law)
← John F. Kennedy Richard Nixon → ← Richard Nixon Hubert Humphrey → Category

Results summary

Gains, losses, and holds

Retirements

Defeats

Post-election changes

Change in composition

Before the elections

Elections results

Race summaries

Special elections during the 84th Congress

Races leading to the 85th Congress

Closest races

Alabama

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Florida

Georgia

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Kentucky (special)

Kentucky (regular)

Louisiana

Maryland

Missouri

Nevada

New Hampshire

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

South Carolina

South Carolina (regular)

South Carolina (special)

South Dakota

Utah

Vermont

Washington

West Virginia (special)

Wisconsin

See also

Notes

References

Sources